Karl J. Niklas
Karl Joseph Niklas (born 1948) is the Liberty Hyde Bailey Professor emeritus in the Section of Plant Biology, School of Integrative Plant Science, at Cornell University.[1] He is best known for his work on plant biomechanics, allometry, and functional morphology, and for his long-standing contributions to understanding plant evolutionary biology, particularly early land plant evolutionary diversification patterns and morphospaces.[2]
Education
Niklas completed his undergraduate studies at the City College of New York. He earned his Ph.D. in paleobiology from the University of Illinois in 1974. He carried out his post-doctoral work at Birkbeck College in London as a Fulbright-Hays Fellow.[2]
Career
Niklas was curator for the New York Botanical Garden. He joined the faculty at Cornell in 1978. In 1985 he was named full professor and appointed as a Liberty Hyde Bailey Professor in 2000. He is the author of over 480 peer-reviewed scientific papers and five major books, all published by the University of Chicago Press. Niklas has received numerous awards, including awards for teaching (e.g., he received the SUNY Chancellor's Award for teaching in 1995). He is a member of the Botanical Society of America and served as its President (2008 – 2009) and Editor-in-Chief of the American Journal of Botany (1995 – 2004).[2] Niklas was the first botanist to tabulate the temporal distributions of plant species in the fossil record to quantify land plant diversification patterns throughout the Phanerozoic, and he was among the first to use factor analysis to identify major floristic changes and turnover patterns in the fossil record. Niklas is also the only person to construct a computer generated morphospace for early land plants to quantify how each simulated plant intercepts sunlight, copes with mechanical forces, conducts fluids, and sheds reproductive propagules. Using a search algorithm, he was able to simulate patterns of morphological change that mimicked in all respects patterns observed in the fossil record. Another facet of his work was the use of fluid mechanics to understand how wind pollinated plants trap airborne pollen grains. Niklas’ more recent work has continued to focus on using physics, chemistry, and mathematics to quantify how physical factors dictate the spatial and temporal distributions of extant plants. His books on biomechanics and plant allometry have stimulated a renaissance in the use of engineering and scaling principles to understand diverse phenomena, ranging from the relationship between plant growth rates and body mass and the effects of wind on the mechanical stability of trees to the distributions of above- and below-ground biomass in forested communities. Niklas is also a celebrated and dedicated teacher and mentor.
Selected works
Books
- Plant Biomechanics, 1992 (ISBN 978-0226586311)
- Plant Allometry: The Scaling of Form and Process, 1994 (ISBN 978-0226580814)[3]
- The Evolutionary Biology of Plants, 1997 (ISBN 978-0226580838)[4]
- Plant Physics, 2012 (co-authored with Hanns-Christof Spatz [de]) (ISBN 978-0226586328)
- Plant Evolution: An Introduction to the History of Life, 2016 (ISBN 978-0-226-34214-6)
Awards and distinctions
- John Simon Guggenheim Fellowship[2][5]
- The Botanical Society of America’s Centennial Medal[2]
- Alexander von Humboldt Stiftung prize for senior USA scientists[2]
- Listed among the 300 best professors in the 2012 Princeton Review's The Best 300 Professors
- Elected Fellow, American Academy of Arts and Sciences
- Elected Fellow, American Association for the Advancement of Science
References
- ^ "Karl Joseph Niklas Faculty Page". Department of Plant Biology, Cornell University. 2007. Retrieved 11 February 2010.
- ^ a b c d e f "Purpose in Evolution: Participants". John Templeton Foundation. Archived from the original on 12 April 2010. Retrieved 11 February 2010.
- ^ Klinkhamer, Peter G. L. (March 1995). "Plant allometry: The scaling of form and process : by Karl J. Niklas University of Chicago Press, 1994". Trends in Ecology & Evolution. 10 (3): 134. doi:10.1016/S0169-5347(00)89015-1.
- ^ Yee, Danny (August 1997). "The Evolutionary Biology of Plants, Karl J. Niklas". Danny Yee. Retrieved 11 February 2010.
- ^ "Karl J. Niklas". John Simon Guggenheim Memorial Foundation. Archived from the original on 22 June 2011. Retrieved 11 February 2010.
- ^ International Plant Names Index. Niklas.
- v
- t
- e
- William Trelease (1894)
- Charles Edwin Bessey (1895)
- John Merle Coulter (1896)
- Nathaniel Lord Britton (1897)
- Lucien Marcus Underwood (1898)
- Benjamin Lincoln Robinson (1899)
- Byron Halsted (1900)
- Joseph Charles Arthur (1901)
- Beverly Thomas Galloway (1902)
- Charles Reid Barnes (1903)
- Robert Almer Harper (1904)
- William Ashbrook Kellerman (1905)
- Franklin Sumner Earle (1906)
- George Francis Atkinson (1907)
- William Francis Ganong (1908)
- Roland Thaxter (1909)
- Erwin Frink Smith (1910)
- William Gilson Farlow (1911)
- Lewis Ralph Jones (1912)
- Douglas Houghton Campbell (1913)
- A. S. Hitchcock (1914)
- John Merle Coulter (1915)
- Robert Almer Harper (1916)
- Frederick Charles Newcombe (1917)
- William Trelease (1918)
- Joseph Charles Arthur (1919)
- Nathaniel Lord Britton (1920)
- Charles Elmer Allen (1921)
- Henry Chandler Cowles (1922)
- Benjamin Minge Duggar (1923)
- William Chambers Coker (1924)
- Jacob R. Schramm (1925)
- Liberty Hyde Bailey (1926)
- Harley Harris Bartlett (1927)
- Arthur Henry Reginald Buller (1928)
- Margaret Clay Ferguson (1929)
- Lester W. Sharp (1930)
- Charles Joseph Chamberlain (1931)
- George James Peirce (1932)
- Ezra Jacob Kraus (1933)
- E. D. Merrill (1934)
- Aven Nelson (1935)
- C. Stuart Gager (1936)
- Edmund Ware Sinnott (1937)
- Arthur Johnson Eames (1938)
- Karl McKay Wiegand (1939)
- Edgar Nelson Transeau (1940)
- John Theodore Buchholz (1941)
- Merritt Lyndon Fernald (1942)
- William Jacob Robbins (1943)
- Gilbert Morgan Smith (1944)
- Irving Widmer Bailey (1945)
- Neil Everett Stevens (1946)
- Ralph Erskine Cleland (1947)
- Henry Allan Gleason (1948)
- Ivey Foreman Lewis (1949)
- Albert Francis Blakeslee (1950)
- Katherine Esau (1951)
- Edgar Anderson (1952)
- Ralph H. Wetmore (1953)
- Adriance S. Foster (1954)
- Oswald Tippo (1955)
- Harriet Creighton (1956)
- George Sherman Avery, Jr. (1957)
- Frits Warmolt Went (1958)
- William Campbell Steere (1959)
- Kenneth V. Thimann (1960)
- Vernon Cheadle (1961)
- G. Ledyard Stebbins (1962)
- Constantine John Alexopoulos (1963)
- Paul J. Kramer (1964)
- Aaron John Sharp (1965)
- Harold Charles Bold (1966)
- Ralph Emerson (1967)
- Arthur Galston (1968)
- Harlan Parker Banks (1969)
- Lincoln Constance (1970)
- Richard C. Starr (1971)
- Charles Heimsch (1972)
- Arthur Cronquist (1973)
- Theodore Delevoryas (1974)
- Peter H. Raven (1975)
- Barbara Frances Palser (1976)
- Warren H. Wagner (1977)
- William August Jensen ( 1978)
- Herbert George Baker (1979)
- Charles Bixler Heiser (1980)
- Patricia Kern Holmgren (1981)
- Ernest M. Gifford, Jr. (1982)
- Barbara D. Webster (1983)
- Mildred Esther Mathias (1984)
- William Louis Stern (1985–86)
- Ray Franklin Evert (1986–87)
- Shirley Cotter Tucker (1987–88)
- W. Hardy Eshbaugh (1988–89)
- David Leonard Dilcher (1989–90)
- Beryl B. Simpson (1990–91)
- William Louis Culberson (1991–92)
- Gregory Joseph Anderson (1992–93)
- Grady Webster (1993–94)
- Harry T. Horner (1994–95)
- Barbara A. Schaal (1995–96)
- Daniel Crawford (1996–97)
- Nancy Dengler (1997–98)
- Carol C. Baskin (1998–99)
- Douglas E. Soltis (1999–2000)
- Patricia G. Gensel (2000–1)
- Judy Jernstedt (2001–2)
- Scott D. Russell (2002–3)
- Linda E. Graham (2003–4)
- Allison A. Snow (2004–5)
- Edward L. Schneider (2005–6)
- Christopher H. Haufler (2006–7)
- Pamela S. Soltis (2007–8)
- Karl J. Niklas (2008–9)
- Kent Holsinger (2009–10)
- Judith Skog (2010–11)
- Stephen G. Weller (2011–12)
- Elizabeth Kellogg (2012–13)
- Pamela Diggle (2013–14)
- Tom Ranker (2014–15)
- Richard Olmstead (2015–16)
- Gordon Uno (2016–17)
- Loren Rieseberg (2017–18)
- Andrea Wolfe (2018–19)
- Linda Watson (2019–20)
- Cynthia S. Jones (2020–21)
- Michael Donoghue (2021-22)
- Vivian Negron-Ortiz (2022-23)