John Carew Eccles
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Biografi | |
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Kelahiran | 27 Januari 1903 ![]() Melbourne ![]() |
Kematian | 2 Mei 1997 ![]() Tenero-Contra (en) ![]() ![]() |
Profesor | |
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Data pribadi | |
Pendidikan | Magdalen College (en) ![]() Universitas Melbourne Melbourne High School (en) ![]() Warrnambool College (en) ![]() ![]() |
Kegiatan | |
Penasihat doktoral | Charles Scott Sherrington ![]() |
Spesialisasi | Neurofisiologi ![]() |
Pekerjaan | filsuf, neurologist (en) ![]() ![]() ![]() |
Bekerja di | Universitas Otago University at Buffalo (en) ![]() Universitas Nasional Australia ![]() |
Dipengaruhi oleh | Charles Scott Sherrington ![]() |
Karya kreatif | |
Murid doktoral | Stephen Kuffler (en) ![]() ![]() |
Penghargaan
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![](http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/07/Eccles_and_Hoschl.jpg/250px-Eccles_and_Hoschl.jpg)
Sir John Carew Eccles AC FRS FRACP FRSNZ FAAS (27 Januari 1903 – 2 Mei 1997) ialah seorang neurofisiolog Australia.
Belajar kedokteran di Universitas Melbourne, ia lulus pada tahun 1925. Lalu ia belajar di Universitas Oxford bersama fisiolog saraf terkenal Sir Charles Sherrington. Pada tahun 1937 ia kembali ke Australia untuk memimpin Lembaga Kanematsu di Rumah Sakit Sydney. Bersama dengan ilmuwan dari Eropa, Bernard Katz dan Stephen Kuffler, ia mempelajari sinyal yang ada dalam saraf dan otot.
Seusai Perang Dunia II, ia menjadi profesor di Universitas Otago, Dunedin, Selandia Baru.
Antara tahun 1952-1962, ia bekerja sebagai profesor di Australian National University. Ia memenangkan Australian of the Year Award pada tahun 1963, pada tahun yang sama ia memenangkan Penghargaan Nobel Kedokteran.
Karya
- 1932. Reflex Activity of the Spinal Cord
- 1953. The Neurophysiological Basic of the Mind: The Principles of Neurophysiology, Oxford: Clarendon
- 1957. The Physiology of Nerve Cells
- 1964. The Physiology of Synapses
- 1965. The Brain and the Unity of Conscious Experience, London: Cambridge University Press
- 1969. The Inhibitory Pathways of the Central Nervous System
- 1970. Facing Reality: Philosophical Adventures by a Brain Scientist, Berlin: Springer
- 1973. The Understanding of the Brain
- 1977. The Self and Its Brain, bersama Karl Popper, Berlin: Springer
- 1979. The human mystery, Berlin: Springer
- 1980. The Human Psyche
- 1985. Mind & Brain: The Many-Faceted Problems, (Editor), New York: Paragon House
- 1989. Evolution Of The Brain: Creation Of The Self
- 1994. How the Self Controls Its Brain
Pranala luar
- NobelPrize.org
- University of Melbourne Diarsipkan 2006-09-17 di Wayback Machine.
- Australian Academy of Science Diarsipkan 2008-09-07 di Wayback Machine.
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- 1901: Emil Behring
- 1902: Ronald Ross
- 1903: Niels Finsen
- 1904: Ivan Pavlov
- 1905: Robert Koch
- 1906: Camillo Golgi / Santiago Ramón y Cajal
- 1907: Alphonse Laveran
- 1908: Élie Metchnikoff / Paul Ehrlich
- 1909: Emil Kocher
- 1910: Albrecht Kossel
- 1911: Allvar Gullstrand
- 1912: Alexis Carrel
- 1913: Charles Richet
- 1914: Róbert Bárány
- 1915
- 1916
- 1917
- 1918
- 1919: Jules Bordet
- 1920: August Krogh
- 1921
- 1922: Archibald Hill / Otto Meyerhof
- 1923: Frederick Banting / John Macleod
- 1924: Willem Einthoven
- 1925
- 1926: Johannes Fibiger
- 1927: Julius Wagner-Jauregg
- 1928: Charles Nicolle
- 1929: Christiaan Eijkman / Frederick Gowland Hopkins
- 1930: Karl Landsteiner
- 1931: Otto Warburg
- 1932: Charles Scott Sherrington / Edgar Adrian
- 1933: Thomas Morgan
- 1934: George Whipple / George Minot / William Murphy
- 1935: Hans Spemann
- 1936: Henry Dale / Otto Loewi
- 1937: Albert Szent-Györgyi
- 1938: Corneille Heymans
- 1939: Gerhard Domagk
- 1940
- 1941
- 1942
- 1943: Henrik Dam / Edward Doisy
- 1944: Joseph Erlanger / Herbert Gasser
- 1945: Alexander Fleming / Ernst Chain / Howard Florey
- 1946: Hermann Muller
- 1947: Carl Cori / Gerty Cori / Bernardo Houssay
- 1948: Paul Müller
- 1949: Walter Hess / António Egas Moniz
- 1950: Edward Kendall / Tadeusz Reichstein / Philip Hench
- 1951: Max Theiler
- 1952: Selman Waksman
- 1953: Hans Krebs / Fritz Lipmann
- 1954: John Enders / Thomas Weller / Frederick Robbins
- 1955: Hugo Theorell
- 1956: André Cournand / Werner Forssmann / Dickinson W. Richards
- 1957: Daniel Bovet
- 1958: George Beadle / Edward Tatum / Joshua Lederberg
- 1959: Severo Ochoa / Arthur Kornberg
- 1960: Frank Burnet / Peter Medawar
- 1961: Georg von Békésy
- 1962: Francis Crick / James Watson / Maurice Wilkins
- 1963: John Eccles / Alan Hodgkin / Andrew Huxley
- 1964: Konrad Bloch / Feodor Lynen
- 1965: François Jacob / André Lwoff / Jacques Monod
- 1966: Francis Rous / Charles B. Huggins
- 1967: Ragnar Granit / Haldan Hartline / George Wald
- 1968: Robert W. Holley / Har Khorana / Marshall Nirenberg
- 1969: Max Delbrück / Alfred Hershey / Salvador Luria
- 1970: Bernard Katz / Ulf von Euler / Julius Axelrod
- 1971: Earl Sutherland Jr.
- 1972: Gerald Edelman / Rodney Porter
- 1973: Karl von Frisch / Konrad Lorenz / Nikolaas Tinbergen
- 1974: Albert Claude / Christian de Duve / George Palade
- 1975: David Baltimore / Renato Dulbecco / Howard Temin
- 1976: Baruch Blumberg / Daniel Gajdusek
- 1977: Roger Guillemin / Andrew Schally / Rosalyn Yalow
- 1978: Werner Arber / Daniel Nathans / Hamilton O. Smith
- 1979: Allan Cormack / Godfrey Hounsfield
- 1980: Baruj Benacerraf / Jean Dausset / George Snell
- 1981: Roger Sperry / David H. Hubel / Torsten Wiesel
- 1982: Sune Bergström / Bengt I. Samuelsson / John Vane
- 1983: Barbara McClintock
- 1984: Niels Jerne / Georges Köhler / César Milstein
- 1985: Michael Brown / Joseph L. Goldstein
- 1986: Stanley Cohen / Rita Levi-Montalcini
- 1987: Susumu Tonegawa
- 1988: James W. Black / Gertrude B. Elion / George H. Hitchings
- 1989: J. Michael Bishop / Harold E. Varmus
- 1990: Joseph Murray / E. Donnall Thomas
- 1991: Erwin Neher / Bert Sakmann
- 1992: Edmond Fischer / Edwin G. Krebs
- 1993: Richard J. Roberts / Phillip Sharp
- 1994: Alfred G. Gilman / Martin Rodbell
- 1995: Edward B. Lewis / Christiane Nüsslein-Volhard / Eric F. Wieschaus
- 1996: Peter C. Doherty / Rolf M. Zinkernagel
- 1997: Stanley B. Prusiner
- 1998: Robert F. Furchgott / Louis Ignarro / Ferid Murad
- 1999: Günter Blobel
- 2000: Arvid Carlsson / Paul Greengard / Eric Kandel
- 2001: Leland H. Hartwell / Tim Hunt / Paul Nurse
- 2002: Sydney Brenner / H. Robert Horvitz / John E. Sulston
- 2003: Paul Lauterbur / Peter Mansfield
- 2004: Richard Axel / Linda B. Buck
- 2005: Barry Marshall / Robin Warren
- 2006: Andrew Fire / Craig Mello
- 2007: Mario Capecchi / Martin Evans / Oliver Smithies
- 2008: Harald zur Hausen / Luc Montagnier / Françoise Barré-Sinoussi
- 2009: Elizabeth Blackburn / Carol W. Greider / Jack W. Szostak
- 2010: Robert G. Edwards
- 2011: Bruce Beutler / Jules A. Hoffmann / Ralph M. Steinman (anumerta)
- 2012: John Gurdon / Shinya Yamanaka
- 2013: James Rothman / Randy Schekman / Thomas C. Südhof
- 2014: John O'Keefe / May-Britt Moser / Edvard Moser
- 2015: William C. Campbell / Satoshi Ōmura / Tu Youyou
- 2016: Yoshinori Ohsumi
- 2017: Jeffrey C. Hall / Michael Rosbash / Michael W. Young
- 2018: James P. Allison / Tasuku Honjo
- 2019: Gregg L. Semenza / Peter J. Ratcliffe / William Kaelin Jr.
- 2020: Harvey J. Alter / Michael Houghton / Charles M. Rice
- 2021: David Julius / Ardem Patapoutian
- 2022: Svante Pääbo
- 2023: Katalin Karikó / Drew Weissman
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